Sabado, Oktubre 27, 2012

GERALDINE P. DIZON, complainant, vs. HIYASMIN L. CAMPO, Court Stenographer, MCTC - Capas, TARLAC,respondent.


GERALDINE P. DIZON, complainant, vs. HIYASMIN L. CAMPO, Court Stenographer, MCTC - Capas, TARLAC,respondent.
[A.M. No. P-04-1774. February 9, 2004]
Facts: Complainant alleged that respondent who is a single mother of a nine-year-old child was having an illicit relationship with her husband, Arnel T. Dizon. On March 3, 2001, according to the complainant, her husband admitted his relationship with the respondent who was then already one month pregnant. She met with respondent in order to beg the latter to leave her husband and respondent answered “I will” to the plea. However, respondent and complainant’s husband continued their illicit relationship still. On December 19, 2001, complainant received a text message from respondent that complainant’s husband loves her and was willing to leave his family for her.
On March 4, 2002, complainant went to the MCTC of Capas, Tarlac, where she confronted respondent about the illicit relationship inside the chamber of Judge Panfilo Valdez, Sr. Respondent allegedly not only admitted her relationship with complainant’s husband but also stated that she was pregnant. Pleading to respondent that she leave her husband, complainant offered financial support. Respondent refused the offer, stating that she is working and that all she needs is complainant’s husband.
Respondent filed a comment denying the charges against her. She alleged that complainant’s husband, a member of the Sangguniang Bayan of Capas, Tarlac, became her acquaintance because of their common place of work. Hence, it was not infrequent that she and Arnel would be seen talking with each other in public within the compound of the Municipal Hall. It was only in the year 2001 that she found out that some employees attributed malice to her acquaintance with Arnel Dizon. Respondent denied having sent text messages to complainant. She also denied that she was pregnant and claimed she knew nothing about the alleged admission of Arnel on the matter. To prove the point she submitted a Medical Certificate dated May 5, 2002, attesting to the fact that she did not get pregnant within the preceding three months.
On August 7, 2002 the Officer of the Court Administrator dismissed the complaint.
Respondent filed a Manifestation with Motion for Reconsideration dated February 5, 2003, praying that she be allowed to resign effective as of June 2003. She claimed that several months after the filing of the administrative complaint, she decided to ask the indulgence of the OCA to allow her to resign even though, as she claimed, she was an effective and efficient court stenographer. The recommendation of the OCA allowing her resignation was simply noted pending the submission of the report of the investigating judge.
In his Report, Investigating Judge Arsenio P. Adriano, Executive Judge, RTC, Branch 63, Tarlac City, recommended that respondent be meted the penalty of three (3) months suspension without pay for immoral conduct.
Issue: Whether or not the SMS sent by Campo to Dizon may be admissible in court as basis for the charge of immorality?
Held: The Court affirms the findings of immorality on the part of the respondent reached by the OCA and the investigating judge. However, the penalty they recommended is lower than what respondent deserves.
The facts on record warrant the imposition of the penalty of suspension prescribed by the Civil Service Law for the first offense for disgraceful and immoral conduct, the minimum of which is six (6) months and one (1) day while the maximum is one (1) year.
Instead of rectifying her errant ways after the wife of her paramour had pleaded with her, she continued the illicit relationship and even abhorrently aggravated the situation by marrying complainant’s husband. Interestingly, respondent married him after she stated in her Commentthat her relationship with him was purely based on friendship. Respondent cannot feign ignorance of Arnel T. Dizon’s marital status for he was then a member of the Sangguniang Bayan of Capas, Tarlac. Someone like respondent who works in the same Municipal Hall must have known of, or at least could have easily verified, the status of Arnel. Even assuming that she was unaware of Arnel’s married status when they first became acquainted with each other, she should have been put on guard when a woman claiming to be his wife pleaded to her to abort her illicit relationship for the sake of the couple’s two children.
By agreeing to marry a man during the subsistence of the latter’s marriage to another person, respondent subjected both herself and her paramour to the risk of criminal prosecution. Also, while it appears that Arnel had courted respondent, the fact remains that she entertained the advances of a married man. Respondent’s subsequent filing of an action for the annulment of her marriage to Arnel does not extenuate her liability.


Rustan Ang y Pascua vs The Honorable Court of Appeals and Irish Sagud


Rustan Ang y Pascua vs The Honorable Court of Appeals and Irish Sagud
GR No. 182835
April 20, 2010

Facts: The Public Prosecutor charged Rustan Ang a violation of the Anti Violence against Women and their Children Act when on or about June 5, 2005, Ang willfully, unlawfully and feloniously in a purposely and reckless conduct, sent through the Short Messaging Services using his to Mobile Phone a pornographic picture to one Irish Sagud who was his former girlfriend whereby her face was attached to a completely naked body of another woman making it to appear that it was her who is depicted in the obscene and pornographic picture thereby causing substantial emotional anguish, psychological stress and humiliation to the woman.
Irish Sagud and Rustan Ang were on “on and off”relationship. When Irish knew that Rustan Ang was about marry another woman whom he gotten pregnant, she broke up with him. Rustan Ang convinced her to elope with him but to no avail. Rustan thereafter sent a multimedia message service, a picture of a naked woman with spread legs and with Irish’s face superimposed on the figure using his cellphone number.
Irish filed a complaint against Rustan under RA 9262. The Regional Trial Court found Rustan guilty of the violation. This was further affirmed by the Court of Appeals.

Issue: Whether or not the obscene picture sent to the complainant is an electronic document which therefore should be authenticated before such can be admitted as an evidence?

Held: The Rules on Electronic Evidence applies only to civil actions, quasi- judicial proceedings and administrative proceedings and therefore the authentication requirement should not be applied in the case at hand for its criminal in nature. 

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY v SIGNATURE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC


                STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY v SIGNATURE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC

Facts:  State Street Bank and Trust Company filed an action against Signature Financial Group, Inc for the declaratory judgment that Signature’s patent for a computerized accounting system for managing a mutual fund investment structure is invalid and unenforceable.
State Street act as administrators and accounting agent of mutual funds while Signature owns US patent No. 5, 193, 056 entitled “Data Processing System for Hub and Spoke Financial Services Configuration,” issued on March 9, 1993 by assignment of the inventor, R. Todd Boes. State Street alleges that Signature’s patent should be invalid as the invention claims an unpatentable mathematical algorithm.

Issue: Whether computer software that essentially performs mathematical accounting functions and is configured to run on a general purpose is patentable subject matter?

Held:     The Court held that Signature’s patent is not valid due to the subject matter not patentable under Section 101 of Title 35 of the US Code which provides that:
 “Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and usefutl improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title.”
The court in determining whether Signature’s claimed invention is patentable used 1) Mathematical Algorithm Test and 2) Physical Transformation Test.
In the first test, its results provided although the data processing system is an apparatus specifically designed to solve a mathematical problem, it however provides a data processing system and a method for monitoring and recording the information flow and data and making all calculations, necessary for maintaining a partnership portfolio and partner fund financial services configuration. An invention that inputs, processes, and outputs number must by definition perform mathematical operations.
In the second test, Signature’s patent also failed the physical transformation examination as it provided that the invention does nothing other than present and solve a mathematical algorithm and therefore not patentable.

TERESITA G. NARVASA v BENJAMIN A. SANCHEZ



TERESITA G. NARVASA v BENJAMIN A. SANCHEZ

GR NO. 169449

Facts: The instant case stemmed from Three cases of sexual harassment filed separately against Benjamin Sanchez by Teresita Narvasa, Mary Gay dela Cruz and Zenaida Gayaton.
Dela Cruz claimed that sometime in February 2000, Sanchez handed her a note saying, “Gay, I like you.”. Dela Cruz told Sanchez that she would give the note to his wife, consequently the latter grabbed the note from her and tore it into pieces. The act was repeated when Sanchez sent a message to De La Cruz saying, “Ka date ko si Mary Gay… ang tamis ng halik mo.”.   
Gayaton also narrated that Sanchez, sometime in April 2002, whispered to her during a retirement program, “Oy flawess, pumanaw ka met ditan” while twice pinching her upper left arm near the shoulder in a slow manner. She also received a text messages  from Sanchez like “pauwi ka na sexy?”, “I like you”, “Have a date with me”, “don’t tell others that I told you I like you because nakakahiya” and “Puso mo to pagbigay moto sakin, I would be very happy” and “I slept and dreamt nice things about you.”.
Narvasa claimed that Sanchez pulled her towards him and attempted to kiss her during a field trip of officers and members of the St. Joseph Multi Purpose Cooperative.
Based on the investigation, he was found guilty of the three charges which caused his dismissal from the government service.

Issue: Whether the acts committed by Sanchez against the petitioners constitute grave misconduct?

Held: The court held that Sanchez is guilty of grave misconduct. In the case, grave misconduct  possesses the elements of corruption, clear intent to violate the law or flagrant disregard of an established rule must manifest.

Sanchez’ act are in no doubt, intentional. Respondent was charged with knowledge of the existence of the Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995. His act of grabbing petitioner and attempting to kiss her without consent was an unmistakable manifestation of his intention to violate laws.


Torres v PAGCOR


ELLERY MARCH G. TORRES, PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE AMUSEMENT AND GAMING CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY ATTY. CARLOS R. BAUTISTA, JR., RESPONDENT.

Facts: Petitioner was a Slot Machine Operations Supervisor (SMOS) of respondent  Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR).  On the basis of an alleged intelligence report of padding of the Credit Meter Readings (CMR) of the slot machines at PAGCOR-Hyatt Manila, then Casino Filipino-Hyatt (CF Hyatt), which involved the slot machine and internal security personnel of respondent PAGCOR, and in connivance with slot machine customers, respondent PAGCOR's Corporate Investigation Unit (CIU) allegedly conducted an investigation to verify the veracity of such report.  The CIU discovered the scheme of CMR padding which was committed by adding zero after the first digit of the actual CMR of a slot machine or adding a digit before the first digit of the actual CMR, e.g., a slot machine with an actual CMR of P5,000.00 will be issued a CMR receipt with the amount of either P50,000.00 or P35,000.00. Based on the CIU's investigation of all the CMR receipts and slot machine jackpot slips issued by CF Hyatt for the months of February and March 2007, the CIU identified the members of the syndicate who were responsible for such CMR padding, which included herein petitioner.
On the same day, another Memorandum of Charges signed by Rogelio Y. Bangsil, Jr., Senior Branch Manager, CF Hyatt Manila, was issued to petitioner informing him of the charge of dishonesty (padding of anomalous SM jackpot receipts).
On May 7, 2007, petitioner wrote Manager Bangsil a letter explanation/refutationof th e charges against him. He denied any involvement or participation in any fraudulent manipulation of the CMR or padding of the slot machine receipts, and he asked for a formal investigation of the accusations against him.
On August 4, 2007 petitioner received the Notice of dismissal signed by the Managing Head of PAGCOR.
On September  14,  2007, petitioner filed with the CSC  a Complaint[13] against PAGCOR and its Chairman Efraim Genuino for illegal dismissal, non-payment of backwages and other benefits. The complaint alleged among others: (1) that he denied all the charges against him; (2) that he did ask for a formal investigation of the accusations against him and for PAGCOR to produce evidence and proofs to substantiate the charges, but respondent PAGCOR did not call for any formal administrative hearing; (3) that he tried to persuade respondent PAGCOR to review and reverse its decision in a letter of reconsideration dated August 13,  2007 addressed to the Chairman, the members of the Board of Directors and the Merit Systems Protection Board; and (4) that no resolution was issued on his letter reconsideration, thus, the filing of the complaint. Petitioner claimed that as a result of  his unlawful, unjustified and illegal termination/dismissal, he was compelled to hire the services of a counsel in order to protect his rights. The CSC denied the appeal. Petitioner’s motion for reconsideration was also denied. Similarly, his appeal was dismissed for lack of merit.
Issue: Whether or not the sending of the motion for reconsideration via facsimile is a valid mode of filing a letter of reconsideration?
Held:  Sections 37, 38, 39, and 43 of the Revised Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service, which are applicable to this case, respectively provide, to wit:


Section 37.  Finality of Decisions - A decision rendered by heads of agencies whereby a penalty of suspension for not more than thirty days or a fine in an amount not exceeding thirty (30) days' salary is imposed, shall be final and executory. However, if the penalty imposed is suspension exceeding thirty days, or fine in an amount exceeding thirty days’ salary, the same shall be final and executory after the lapse of the reglementary period for filing a motion for reconsideration or an appeal and no such pleading has been filed.

Section 38. Filing of motion for reconsideration. - The party adversely affected by the decision may file a motion for reconsideration with the disciplining  authority who rendered the same within fifteen days from receipt thereof.

Section 39. When deemed filed. - A motion for reconsideration sent by mail shall be deemed filed on the date shown by the postmark on the envelope which shall be attached to the records of the case and in case of personal delivery, the date stamped thereon by the proper office.

Section 43. Filing of Appeals. - Decisions of heads of departments, agencies, provinces, cities, municipalities and other instrumentalities imposing a penalty exceeding thirty (30) days suspension or fine in an amount exceeding thirty (30) days’ salary, maybe appealed to the Commission Proper within a period of fifteen (15) days from receipt thereof.

Clearly, a motion for reconsideration may either be filed by mail or personal delivery.  When a motion for reconsideration was sent by mail, the same shall be deemed filed on the date shown by the postmark on the envelope which shall be attached to the records of the case. On the other hand, in case of personal delivery, the motion is deemed filed on the date stamped thereon by the proper office.  And the movant has 15 days from receipt of the decision within which to file a motion for reconsideration or an appeal therefrom.

Petitioner received a copy of the letter/notice of dismissal on August 4, 2007; thus, the motion for reconsideration should have been submitted either by mail or by personal delivery on or before August 19, 2007.  However, records do not show that petitioner had filed his motion for reconsideration.  In fact, the CSC found that the non-receipt of petitioner's letter reconsideration was duly supported by certifications issued by PAGCOR employees.

Even assuming arguendo that petitioner indeed submitted a letter reconsideration which he claims was sent through a facsimile transmission,  such letter reconsideration  did not toll the period to appeal. The mode used by petitioner in filing his reconsideration is not sanctioned by the Uniform Rules on Administrative Cases in the Civil Service. As we stated earlier, the motion for reconsideration may be filed only in two ways, either by mail or personal delivery.

Moreover, a facsimile transmission is not considered as an electronic evidence under the Electronic Commerce Act. Petition is denied.

VIDALLON-MAGTOLIS vs Cielito M. Salud


ASSOCIATE JUSTICE DELILAH          VIDALLON-MAGTOLIS,
COURT                  
OF APPEALS,                                   
     
CIELITO M. SALUD, 
CLERK IV, COURT OF APPEALS,      
A.M. No.  CA-05-20-P

Facts: Cielito Salud, Clerk IV, Mailing Section of the Judicial Records Division, Court of Appeals (CA) stands charged
with the following offenses:

1.      Inefficiency and incompetence in the performance of official duties;
2.      Conduct grossly prejudicial to the best interest of the service; and
3.      Directly or indirectly having financial and material interest in an official transaction, under Section 22, paragraphs (p), (t) and (u), Rule XIV of the Omnibus Rules Implementing the Civil Service Law

Melchor Lagua  was charged with Homicide before the Regional Trial Court. Lagua’s bond was approved in a Resolution dated November 6. 2003. Salud was allegedly facilitating the service of the resolution to the National Penitentiary and order the release of Lagua. In the meantime, Atty. Madarang received a telephone call from a certain Melissa Melchor, who introduced herself as Lagua’s relative. It was about 2:00 p.m. The caller asked her how much more they had to give to facilitate Lagua’s provisional liberty. The caller also told Atty. Madarang that they had sought the help of a certain Rhodora Valdez of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Pasig, where the criminal case originated, but were told that they still had a balance to be given to Justice Magtolis and Atty. Madarang through the respondent. Atty. Madarang then called the said court and asked to speak to Ms. Valdez, pretending to be Lagua’s relative. Atty. Madarang. On November 11, 2003, Justice Magtolis called the respondent to her office. When confronted, the respondent denied extorting or receiving money for Lagua’s release, or in any other case. He, however, admitted serving the copies of resolution and order of release intended for Lagua and his counsel to Art Baluran. Justice Magtolis then called the respondent to a meeting with Clerk of Court Atty. Tessie L. Gatmaitan, who stated that she would transfer the respondent to another office which has nothing to do with cases.
                       
Issue: Whether or not the admission of text messages as evidence against Salud constitutes a violation of his right to privacy being an ephemeral electronic communication?

Held: Respondent Cielito M. Salud is found GUILTY of inefficiency and gross misconduct.
The respondent’s claim that the admission of the text messages as evidence against him constitutes a violation of his right to privacy is unavailing. Text messages have been classified as “ephemeral electronic communication” under Section 1(k), Rule 2 of the Rules on Electronic Evidence, and “shall be proven by the testimony of a person who was a party to the same or has personal knowledge thereof.” Any question as to the admissibility of such messages is now moot and academic, as the respondent himself, as well as his counsel, already admitted that he was the sender of the first three messages on Atty. Madarang’s cell phone.

Anna Jane Lihaylihay v Judge Alejandro Canda


ANNA JANE D. LIHAYLIHAY,                         A.M. No. MTJ-06-1659
Clerk III, Regional Trial Court,
Branch 28, Liloy, Zamboanga
del Norte,
                                   Complainant,


                   - versus -


JUDGE ALEJANDRO T. CANDA,
Municipal Circuit Trial Court,
Liloy-Tampilisan, Zamboanga del Norte,
                              Respondent.


Facts:  On 25 February 2005, one Camilo Bandivas retired from service as Sheriff IV. Lihaylihay alleged that Judge Canda asked Process Server Emmanuel Tenefracia to apply for the position. A certain Jesus V. Alimpolo also applied for the same position. Judge Canda was of the impression that Lihaylihay was assisting Alimpolo in his application and so he sent an SMS to the latter saying, “Maayo tingali modistansya ka anang mga tawhana kay basin masabit kapakiusap lang ni.”  Taking the text message as a threat, Lihaylihay reported it to the police and requested that a blotter entry be made.  On 6 January 2006, Judge Canda sent another text message stating, “For maliciously causing it to appear as threatening in the police blotter of what is otherwise a very harmless text message of appeal I consider the same as declaration of war, don’t worry you will have your owned [sic] fair share of trouble in due time.
Judge Canda accused Lihaylihay with violation of reasonable office rules and regulations. He also caused the publication of the letter to the desk editor of the Mindanao Observer and asked that it be published in the newspaper.
Lihaylihay denied the allegations of Judge Canda. She also filed a complaint against Judge Canda or sexual harassment alleging that he sent text message to Lihaylihay that were malicious. Deciding on lihaylihay’s case, the Court admonished Lihaylihay for her irresponsible behavior. The Court in judging the complaint against Judge Canda stated that he is liable for gross misconduct.
Issue: Whether or not Judge Canda should be liable for gross misconduct?

Held: Judge Canda harassed and publicly humiliated Lihaylihay: (1) he asked her to stay away from Alimpolo; (2) when she reported the matter to the police, he took it as a “declaration of war” and warned her that she will have her “fair share of trouble in due time”; (3) indeed, three days after sending the threatening text message, he filed a complaint with Judge Tomarong accusing her of several things, asking that she be disciplined and removed from the service, and describing her as a “GRO,” “undignified,”     a “whore,” “disgusting,” “repulsive,” and “pakialamera”; (4) two days after filing the first complaint, he filed another complaint accusing her of violating office rules and describing her as “offensive,” “demeaning,” “inappropriate,” a “GRO,” “undignified,” “repulsive,” and a “whore”;       (5) still unsatisfied, he had his second complaint published in the newspaper; and (6) when she published her comment in the newspaper, he filed a criminal case for libel against her.   

         Section 1, Canon 2 of the New Code of Judicial Conduct for the Philippine Judiciary states that “Judges shall ensure that not only is their conduct above reproach, but that it is perceived to be so in the view of a reasonable observer.”  Section 2, Canon 2 of the Code states that “The behavior and conduct of judges must reaffirm the people’s faith in the integrity of the judiciary.”  Section 2, Canon 4 of the Code states that “As a subject of constant public scrutiny, judges must accept personal restrictions that might be viewed as burdensome by the ordinary citizen and should do so freely and willingly.  In particular,judges shall conduct themselves in a way that is consistent with the dignity of the judicial office.”  Section 6, Canon 4 of the Code states that “Judges, like any other citizen, are entitled to freedom of expression x x x, but in exercising such [right], they shall always conduct themselves in such a manner as to preserve the dignity of the judicial office.”  Section 6, Canon 6 of the Code states that “Judges shall x x x be x x x dignified and courteous.”  Judge Canda violated these provisions.
               
                Section 8, Rule 140 of the Rules of Court classifies gross misconduct constituting violations of the Code of Judicial Conduct as a serious offense.  It is punishable by (1) dismissal from the service, forfeiture of benefits, and disqualification from reinstatement to any public office; (2) suspension from office without salary and other benefits for more than three months but not exceeding six months; or (3) a fine of more than P20,000 but not exceeding P40,000.

         The Court notes that this is Judge Canda’s second offense.  In Barbarona v. Judge Canda] the Court fined him for violation of Circular No. 1-90 and warned him that the repetition of similar acts would be dealt with more severely.  Considering the gravity of Judge Canda’s offense and the fact that this is his second offense, the Court fines him P40,000. 

         The charges that Judge Canda sent Lihaylihay indecent text messages and that he failed to pay the required legal fees are unsubstantiated, thus, they must be dismissed.  In administrative proceedings, the complainant has the burden of proving, by substantial evidence or such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion, the allegations in the complaint.  The Court cannot rely on mere conjectures or suppositions